Where to Start

Buying a pistol is easy once you take it one step at a time: decide what the gun is for, pick a size that fits that job, choose an action and a caliber, then buy smart and gear up. Work through these steps and you will walk into the gun shop knowing exactly what to ask for.

Step 1: Decide what it is for

  • Home defense: a full-size or compact pistol is easier to shoot well, and size does not matter much when the gun stays home.
  • Concealed carry: a compact or subcompact you will actually carry every day.
  • Range and competition: a full-size pistol with a longer sight radius and softer recoil.
  • Training and plinking: a .22 LR pistol is cheap to shoot and a great way to build skills.
  • New to pistols? Common questions are answered in the Pistol F.A.Q.

Step 2: Pick a size

Bigger pistols are easier to shoot and hold more rounds. Smaller pistols are easier to carry and hide. Most shooters land on a compact as the best of both worlds.

Full sizeCompactSubcompactMicro / pocketPistol Buyers Guide.com
From left: full size, compact, subcompact and micro or pocket pistols.

Step 3: Choose an action

The action is how the trigger works. All three types below are proven and safe when handled correctly. The right one is the one you train with.

Trigger pull lengthStriker-firedEvery shotSame pull every timeDA/SAFirst shotThenLong first pull, then shortSingle actionEvery shotShort pull, manual safetyPistol Buyers Guide.com
  • Striker-fired: the same trigger pull every shot and no external hammer. Simple to learn and the most popular choice today.
  • Double action / single action (DA/SA): a long, heavier first pull, then a short, light pull for every shot after. Most have a decocker.
  • Single action only: a short, crisp pull every shot. Carried with the hammer back and a manual safety on, like the classic 1911.
What Pistol to Buy? Glock, M&P, XD

Step 4: Pick a caliber

If you are not sure, start with 9mm. It is affordable, easy to find, manageable to shoot and comes in every size of pistol.

CaliberRecoilAmmo costGood for
.22 LRVery lightLowestTraining, plinking
.380 ACPLightModeratePocket pistols
9mm LugerModerateLowest centerfireCarry, home defense, range
.40 S&WSnappyModerateDuty, defense
10mm AutoStiffHigherWoods carry, hunting
.45 ACPFirm pushHigherHome defense, 1911 fans

Step 5: Buy smart

  • Hold it before you buy it. The grip, trigger reach and controls should fit your hand.
  • Rent before you buy. Many ranges rent pistols, so you can shoot a few models first.
  • Budget for more than the gun: a holster, extra magazines, ammo, a safe and a training class.
  • Stick with proven makers. See Pistol Brands.
  • Know the rules. A licensed dealer will run a background check, and federal law does not allow dealers to sell handguns to anyone under 21. State and local laws vary, so check yours.
Gun Shop Etiquette: What TO do in a Gun Shop

Step 6: Gear up and train

Not legal advice. Always check your state and local laws before buying, carrying or traveling with a handgun.